“For more enjoyment and greater efficiency, consumption is being standardized.” – THX1138
Patton never colored his hair, because my heroes never dye.
Electric cars are a scam. A really, really big one, and in ways that most people aren’t talking about. My original sentence that I typed said, “in ways that moist people aren’t talking about” but I feel moist today, so that didn’t fit. Let me explain. About the cars. Not why I’m moist – this is supposed to be a family-friendly blog.
Electric cars are, in most ways, absolutely inferior to cars powered by Oil, Our Slippery Friend™. Why? The technology is relatively new, the first electric car (really a locomotive, but who’s counting) having been invented only in 1842 in Edinburgh by engineer Robert Davidson. It traveled at the breakneck speed of 4 miles per hour, which is roughly 4 miles per hour faster than Davidson could move after a fifth of something that John Walker® (yes that one) might have been selling back then.
So, it’s not fair to judge electric cars, since they have been only developing for 180 or so years. It’s still an infant technology. Oh, wait.
How can you say it’s not an infant technology? It sucks.
But California has decided to ban the sale of new gasoline cars by 2035. Hurray, California! You’re geniuses beyond imagination! You’ll single-handedly solve global warming.
Or . . . will that pesky math get in the way?
Let’s see – in order to get California girls to the beach, it takes 13.8-15 billion gallons of gasoline. We’re skipping diesel for now, and just dealing with gasoline. I’ll use 15 billion gallons because in the immortal words of the captain of the Hindenburg, “Close enough.”
Let’s do the math.
15 billion gallons of sweet, sweet gasoline is 500 TW-h (that’s terawatt hours, which is the metric equivalent 5,000 bushels per fortnight). California produces in electricity, in total . . . drumroll please, 277 TW-h. So, California produces slightly more than half the electricity needed by its stunning new fleet of cars.
All I can say is that’s shocking!
To keep just the same level of energy production available for homes (because, presumably, all new citizens between now and then will live in tents) that California will need to triple the amount of power it produces. If you count in increased uses for the iAndroid™ Eleventy-X® and GameBoxStation 2000©, the grid will have to multiply by four or five times. And, remember, we skipped diesel engines, so it’s nearly certain that my estimate is low.
And if they tried to make those cars run on PEZ® (normal PEZ©, not PEZ™ made of anti-matter) it would require 278 quadrillion PEZ™, if you assumed that you could burn PEZ™ at the same efficiency that you could burn gasoline. And that would be 278 quadrillion PEZ© a year. Every year.
Hey, if this PEZ™ idea works out I could mint money.
To quote Monty Python on a related matter, “Where’s the fetus going to gestate? In a box?”, we’ve reached a point where politics cease in any reasonable fashion to correlate to reality. As I’ve seen in recent years, California’s electrical grid is in a shambles, so much so that, rather than be blamed for creating the periodic apocalypse-level fires, the various utilities have been hiring homeless people to burn forests so they don’t get blamed for all of the fires.
In reality, it’s not their fault. Californians keep using electricity, but the process for building reliable infrastructure is so Sovietized that to upgrade their transmission lines requires more paperwork than conductor wire, by weight, and takes longer than Biden does to remember that John McCain died half a decade ago. And this is a state that’s going to quintuple energy production?
Using what?
Seriously, where do they think energy comes from? Oh, I forgot. Outlets. “Why do we need more power plants?” I can hear President Kamala asking, “There’s always power when I plug something into an outlet. Besides, if we lost electricity we could watch television by candlelight.” The answer is that the energy has to come from someplace, like the dams they’ve been destroying, the nuclear power plants they’ve been shutting down, or the coal plants that they won’t allow to be built.
Perhaps they could use the power of the Void?
If it were just that level of stupid, it’s survivable. But it’s more than stupid, it’s greedy stupid, and here’s the rub: they’re doing this to soak the folks buying cars.
Let’s take, me. My newest car is (I think) a 2016. It was paid for in . . . 2016. My daily driver is a 2010. It’s got a 130,000 miles on it, and I replaced the engine in it at 115,000 miles, and it cost $5,400. At 5,000-10,000 miles a year? It might last another decade, easily. It’s not complicated, the air conditioner works, and it’s comfortable.
Try that with an electric car, I dare you. My 2010 had the engine blow up. $5,400, plus tax, and I was back to happy motoring. A Chevy® Volt™ had a bad battery. $29,842. Snopes™ even confirmed it was the real deal. But they tried to put a good spin on it. “It was an antique car” that was two years younger than mine, “and the battery technology was old.”
I hope the car bought her a drink first.
I have one car that is now 20 years old. How many batteries would it have had to go through? And you can be certain that the latest bill to replace it would have made the entire car worthless. Period.
This is an odd game. Cars had become very, very reliable, some lasting 300,000 or more miles with only routine maintenance. There’s a reason that, aside from the AK-47, the Toyota® HiLux© is the brand of choice of insurgent armies everywhere. They last forever, and you can mount multiple heavy weapons on them.
That just won’t do. As a consumer, you have to be made to consuuuuume. Me? With my old car, I’ve more than offset the “carbon debt” caused by making it, so replacing it will actually be damaging to the climate (if you believe in that sort of thing). And electricity will have to involve tossing more carbon into the atmosphere and will cost a lot more, so it’s not that, either.
Joe Biden is making helping stop energy usage – every time he’s on TV people turn it off.
No, the root cause is that cars are too reliable and people are using them far too long. If you have a paid-off car, you’re not paying interest. You’re not paying for new car plants. You become an economic black hole and the powers that be will do anything (and I mean anything) to force you to consuuuuume. Remember digital TV? I saw several articles where economists were calculating the economic uplift from forcing everyone to junk their old televisions for new ones.
Let’s consuuuuume! And with electric cars, use ‘em or not, they rot away so you’ll have to pay $29,000 for a new battery or consuuuuume a new car. Emissions? Who cares? We’ve got to keep people slaving away, paying interest, and buying the new thing. Insane? Certainly.
What did Californians use to light their homes before they had candles? Electricity.
Thankfully we have television and commercials. I’m sure that they will be used for good and not to convince everyone that the point of their life is consumption.
Well, I guess now you know why I’m moist. Too much time consuuuuuming.
California figures that they’ll just demand Arizona build more power plants and send them more power. They’d do this with Colorado and Oregon, but those states are also ‘going green’, so don’t have much extra. Arizona already provides 44 of those 277 Twh California uses, so why not send more?
That’s something that California keeps trying: internalize consumption, externalize production. Eventually that catches up. See: United States.
TPTB ulterior goal is to herd us all into public transport; they don’t really care for us to have our own personal means of getting around. It’s easier to get us into their centralized corral when need be.
Correct. And living standard? What was that? Eat zee bugs. Live in zee pod.
PEZ™??? LEFT Twix® is a more appropriate fuel for Cali.
Ha! Harder to pulverize, but I’ll allow it. Not gonna redo the math, though . . .
My prediction, John, is that 2035 number will get pushed as it gets closer and the reality of the disparity you point out in terms of power supply manifests itself. Potentially they could at least pull off the revitalization of their power grid if they acted like it is the most important thing that they were doing. Sadly, it will not -but I do not see them taking over the grid from private companies either. It is convenient to have a scapegoat for all of their power issues and if they own it, they inherit all of those issues.
I wonder if, given their vision, we will reach a point where older cars – simple to repair, no computer chips – will again become a “thing”, converted to whatever the currently available fuel is.
By 2035, California is likely to (at least attempt to) become an independent People’s Democratic Republic.
That which cannot continue, must eventually stop.
I think it will be ignored, but it will do amazing amounts of damage to the grid and the systems. Simple cars after a power crisis . . . hey, I saw The Road Warrior!
That last photo is priceless, another one of yours that made me laugh out loud. Thanks for that.
The ongoing EV utopia fantasy will resolve itself as economic reality and the laws of physics intervene over the mandates of the 16 people of the California Air Resources Board that are the origin of the all-EVs-by-2030s policy.
https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/california-moves-accelerate-100-new-zero-emission-vehicle-sales-2035
This disillusionment will be a interesting and sad process to watch over the coming years. I personally think that overall the rising cost and dwindling supply of oil will combine with the impracticality of EVs to lead to a Mad Max future where those pesky emissions are massively curtailed because the overall number of cars is massively curtailed.
Speaking of emissions, the 🥝 government plans to tax cow farts to fight global warming:
https://www.yahoo.com/news/new-zealand-proposes-cow-burp-tax-to-fight-climate-change-185050480.html
Jesus, come back soon.
That’s why they want you to eat zee bugs and live in zee pods. People who can be forced to do that are the subjects that they’re looking for.
I’m glad!!!
We can engineer ourselves out of it, but we have to start now as the power companies would love to do. This is an avertable crisis.
Not just cars, but lawn equipment is mandated to be “green-only” going forward. I bought the most powerful electric lawnmower I could find on Amazon last year prior to our move to Texas, and I feel like some toddler pushing a Fisher Price toy around the yard. I expect bubbles and a happy tune to play as the plastic thing bogs down on our nasty Bermudagrass. Aside from portable work lights and smoke detectors, I now avoid anything battery-powered that has a gasoline or corded-electric option.
Silly me, I used to think that those EV charging stations were “free”. I reasoned that you pay so damned much for the vehicle off the lot, surely the charging of them must be gratis, no? After all, you are single-handedly saving the planet, you noble Gaia tutelary, you.
Don’t be surprised if come 2035 Gavin Nuisance (or whatever gay/trans/wiccan/furry those Cali cuckoos elect to office) announces that oil ‘n gas or even nuclear suddenly identify as “green”, owing to some newly-discovered science-y stuff that miraculously “settles” just before riots break out. Math may be rayciss, but it still holds the whip hand.
The Soviets starved million and executed tens of thousands before admitting that Lysenko was wrong.
And this is also breeding a new tax system – track every car so you know how many miles it went, so it can be taxed since it’s not paying the gasoline tax.
Control. You’re soaking in it.
How did Nikola Tesla die?
Edison shuffled him off his immortal coil.
I love it! That charges me up!
I amp not the least bit shocked!
We first noticed this with the ‘save the planet, buy a light bulb’ commercials that ran in the early 90s, when CFLs first became a thing. The whole thing clarified further when we noted that major appliances were not lasting anything like as long as they did formerly, notwithstanding all the doodads and gadgets with which they were increasingly festooned.
The question of market saturation loomed large, as it became clear that, since ‘anyone who could afford one had one’ (insert object d’desire here), the market now had to find a way to convince everyone that there was a dire and compelling reason why their old one was no good and a new one was necessary.
How about climate change? Yeah, yeah, that’s the ticket, and we won’t even include the fact that increased production (to now provide the new things everyone is told they need to fight climate change), itself contributes to climate change through the mechanisms of pollution and population expansion (if, of course, you can get past the idea that the climate changes through time, all the time, and we have little to do with that. In fact, trying to stop it is messing with the biggest machine on the planet, and that’s absolutely not a good idea, especially when you are demonstrably ignorant of the larger dynamics at play).
This is one facet of a much larger problem: The issue of what to do with an economy fundamentally based on growth when further growth is, for whatever reason, no longer possible? Since your economy is full of workers and their families, and their economic activity is an essential part of the whole, what happens to them if there are no jobs? If the economy is saturated, all the way down through the social column, and you have extra people for which there is no place in the mix? Guaranteed Universal Income? Advocate medically-assisted suicide? Bueller?
The paradox of the electric car is one egregious part of this whole situation, and once again I am confronted by the spectre of government making policy and enacting regulations as if certain things were true, when those things are absolutely not true, and then making observation of this contrast illegal. There is a long list of such, and we are now witness to what happens when things that are impossible, for very good and defensible reasons, are treated as if they were everyday matters not requiring further discussion.
It’s that pesky science. If only it weren’t quite so settled.
And you can play make-believe up until the point where physical limitations hit: you can pretend you’re flying if you jump off a cliff.
Until you hit the bottom.
” when CFLs first became a thing”
SSSD*
Don’t know when ‘they’ changed it, but…
https://www.epa.gov/mercury/cleaning-broken-cfl (there are ‘Quick’ & ‘Detailed’ instructions if ya click the link.)
ORIGINALLY, the ‘directions’ stated that an Asbestos rated vacuum, replete with a HEPA filter, WAS ‘Required’. AND all the
malarkey‘Legally Mandated Requirements’ attendant. 🤣 For/by the Avg. Homeowner.SSSD? You may ask?
https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/small-scale-short-duration-sssd-asbestos-project
‘Volunteered’ by a former employer. None to happy when they found out that they were ‘Legally Required’ by a union agreement, $5/Hr. pay supplement.
THEN? Found out that a ‘Worker’ could NOT work. Without a ‘Supervisor’. 🤣 MORE $$.
Eventually, i was ‘Volunteered’ to become ‘Course Management Planner’.
Fascinating to LEARN. ANYTHING. Several trips for Training, all expenses paid of course.
It was some ‘Strange’ in a strange land. Too.
LED’s? Love ’em, all things considered. ‘White’ light WAS the Holy Grail. Coat/Paint the exterior of said L.E.D.’s to produce brilliant, white light. Waaay Cheaper, $ billed/light produced. NOT temp. sensitive like fluorescents.
Solar Panels?
Originally, ALL had battery storage. Big chunk of ‘First Cost’, or whatever ya call it. Labor/Maintenance/Safety (Think Flammable Gas production) Intensive, ta say the least.
Fast Forward, Present.
Create a bunch of Holes in a perfectly good Roof. ‘Fixed’ angle. Marketing ‘hopium’ aside, would bet good $ that ‘efficacy’ hasn’t broken 25%, IF that. 20% was Gold Standard for yrs.
Batteries? Done Away with. ‘Bi-directional Metering’…”SELL power to the Power Co.!”
Please. IF ya have any ‘Excess’, The KwHr credit rate is MUCH less than what ya pay for it ‘Coming In’.
HUGE fact that is generally ‘overlooked’? MIGHT have something ta do with smooth talkin’ Sales Persons.
The Power Utility Co. Has an ‘Outage’. “Oh Boy! NOW my ‘investment’ in Solar IS gonna pay off Big Time!”
CAN NOT USE THEM. ‘Locked Out’, by the Controller upon sensing ‘Loss of Utility Power’.
‘New’ Tech Solution? Battery Storage. Think ‘Power Wall’™, or whatever ya call it, or ‘equal’.
Typically DOUBLES, or more, the Installed price. “FREE Financing!”
‘Tied’ to Your House Mortgage, ‘3rd Party’ Financing. For the life of the Loan.
Wanna REAL Solar System?
‘Ground Mount Array(s)’. Servo controlled. Right before Dawn. The Arrays are inverted…’Sleeping’
Don’t know HOW people wake them up with NO Rooster present.
Sun comes Up, The Array(s) ‘Wake Up’ . ‘Tracks’ The Sun across the Sky, Adjusting ‘Angle of Incidence’. or whatever ya call it. Keeps the Cells perpendicular, 90° ‘facing-wise’, MAX ‘Efficacy’. At Sundown, they return to their upside-down starting position, Keeps the SNOW, Etc. off. Great Feature as well. Seen a few w/’standard’ Bi-Directional Metering. @ that point, may as well pay for the batteries. Too.
R.O.I? A FEW Lifetimes. Think the most expensive cells have a 20yr. ‘Serviceable Life Expectancy’
Been a while since i paid attention to the details.
Where I live, no provision to sell back, either. 20 year is right, they’re now cluttering landfills.
Officials in the Peoples Republik of Californistan are committed to upgrading the power infrastructure. Just look at how they are building the train to nowhere. Original projected cost $10B then $33B now it is up to $113B and they haven’t turned a wheel. Oh yes, it was to have been completed 2 years ago. I’m outta this asylum ASAP.
A sign of people who are no longer serious is that they cannot achieve anything. And the train is a lie, too. Nice idea.
That Tesla, in the picture with the solar panel on the trailer, … is it trying to tow the trailer? I hope not. The guy may have spent 10 days recharging, but he’s not going to get the advertised range out of that charge if he’s got a trailer following him, even if he doesn’t try to pull it up a hill. Tesla engineers work so hard to reduce the weight of the vehicle, and then somebody ties it to a trailer intended to be pulled by a Ford F-250.
Hahaha! Yup. I wonder how many square feet (liters in metric) of panel you’d need for a decent charge on a sunny day?
On the first hand, my Mazda B4000 pickup is old enough to go to the liquor store for me.
On the second, the late Steven Den Beste (of USS Clueless and the 2nd smartest man I’ve known) said “Power generation? If you’re not talking terawatts, you’re lying.”
On the gripping hand, both of my young adult daughters refer to that Scandi Bolshevik as “fetal alcohol Swede.” My win.
Excellent, raising ’em right. And, yup, they’re lying.
For us a Tesla (to go with my diesel Ram 3500 dually) makes sense. Our closest stores are 45 or 75 miles away, well within round trip range. We have PV panels and batteries, so even at $20 a gallon diesel or without the grid, I still have transportation. As far as the planet goes, fuck worrying about the planet, it’ll be just fine. The earth already made it through 4.5 billion years without my help. Ultimately, it is me and mine I care about… and really, the living conditions of me and mine are all I can really do anything about.
Oh, I can see reasons to own one. I think they’re nifty for being very quick, and if you don’t drive very far or very often, they can do the trick.
I have zero worries about the planet. It will be fine. It’s the people I worry about, and only some of them.
You might want to worry about the ground water and what is being done with the used batteries.
On the bright side, the new mercury lighting will probably poison it first
Earth is gonna be fine. Humans might not survive the poisoning.
Well said. Earth will abide.
“Fweeeeeeet! BS Penalty Flag!”
Unstated False Assumption:
“15 billion gallons of sweet, sweet gasoline is 500 TW-h (that’s terawatt hours, which is the metric equivalent 5,000 bushels per fortnight). California produces in electricity, in total . . . drumroll please, 277 TW-h. So, California produces slightly more than half the electricity needed by its stunning new fleet of cars.”
To wit: That assumes (FALSELY!) that TPTB in Califrutopia want California girls to get to the beach. And for everyone else to do all that driving at the same rate as before.
No. NO. NO!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svkgOsr7pUc
Freedom, prosperity, and exuberant consumption is the problem, not the goal.You forgot to factor in that they want no one to go anywhere, just walk to their minimum-wage slave McJob from their blockchain McPartment (100 ft² max), then walk back, consume their daily allotment of soyblocks and insect bars while watching Big Brother Vision, then go to sleep, wake up, and do it all again tomorrow.
Otherwise they get the Two Minutes’ Hate. Or worse.
If you factor all that in, only the Wise Dear Leaders get to see the beach and eat surf and turf on their ocean-view patios. The rest of us live in concrete hovels, own nothing but our sustainable grey bamboo coveralls, and like it, and we only need half the energy grid we have now, because all the useless eaters have already been euthanized as excess to the needs of the State.
Now do the math, in their heads:
People are destroying the beaches, and indeed, the entire environment.
They must be killed off expediently and efficiently.
Clot shots and battery-car conflagrations wipe out whole genetic lines in one incident.
Gasoline powered cars allow the Unwashed Unenlightened to flee this Final Solution to the carbon-form infestation of Gaia, and resist the glorious plans of our Genius Enlightened Uberlords.
QED: Combustion must go. It creates a middle class, and they breed.
Notice the genuisii who think like this never do the rational thing, and go out and shoot themselves in the head in a hog pen, it’s always the great Unwashed Unenlightened Mass Of Boobs (we call those free citizens in a republic) who must be liquidated.
That’s the metric that that’s driving the inevitability of CWII.
The problem isn’t random violence.
It’s administrative violence planned and undertaken on a scale that would make Heydrich and Eichmann blush.
(I’m not just kidding, nor being hyperbolic for mere laughs: look at the impact of enforced drought on food production in the Central Valley, the World’s Grocery Store.)
Rivers of blood, oceans of tears, and mountains of skulls.
The only way to end this nonsense once and for all time.
It’s going to happen, and it needs to.
It was purely an electoral accident that Gov. Moonbeam wasn’t the CA governor in 1984, because he was using 1984 as his blueprint for society since Reagan first left for bigger and better things in ’75, and it’s been the Democommunist template for life here ever since. Which, along with being the dumping ground for every other state, once they filled in Jersey’s landfills, does more to explain Califrutopia since 1970 than the entire shelf of California History textbooks ever written.
Back to you, maestro. I’m loading magazines.
But I call them MAGAzines. 😉
Coincidence, undoubtedly.
You are, as usual, 100% correct. They want to eliminate vast numbers of us so they can live on private islands without guilt. An article The Mrs. read aloud to me once talked about a guy on the Right attending a party in D.C. A Leftist was talking about population being too high.
The guy on the Right: “So what do we do?”
The guy on the Left: “Oh, that’s simple. Caloric restriction.”
The guy on the Right: “So, your solution is to starve billions of people to death?”
The guy on the Left admitted it was so, but didn’t like the terminology.
““Fweeeeeeet! BS Penalty Flag!”
A Pleasure to read, Plainly stated. Truly. A few days over 8 yrs. old when Felix & Oscar hit the TV.
” I’m loading magazines ”
Speculating that it is possibly an after retirement ‘extra’ $$ Route?
See them all the time at places like Kroger’s. Whole big section, many racks. Waaay too many Glossy pages for me. And like the Sears® Christmas Catalog, a wonder/joy ta LOOK at, But useless in the Out House. 2 Holer. Waaay Back when Male/Female were the ONLY choices.
Boy/He/Him, were we Backwoods Hicks or what? Did Not realize that we were rich @ that juncture.
I tend towards the more serious, utilitarian ones, ‘condensed’ like them thar Readers Digest’s’s™. Conveniently located at the head of the checkout lines.
Globe®, Star®, & my personal Favorite!…The National Enquirer©. NEVER realized that so many among Us were Interdimensional, Or @ the very least, Interplanetary Interlopers. Who breed. Earth girls are EZPZ. VERY edifying, to say the least.
Limited experience, personally, Earth Girls. However, now that i know that the truth is out there? FAIRLY CERTAIN that a FEW of them were NOT from THIS Planet!
Same line a little closer to the $ register? Almost ALL the necessary Food Pyramid Items to sustain Life! Ain’t America Great!
UNLESS, of course, You were talking about those Nasty, AND Deadly Assault Weapon Thingy’s. They seemingly have a Mind of Their Own!
Please. You’ll shoot Your eye out!
I won’t even mention the time i shot a https://www.thetruthaboutguns.com/gun-revieww-iver-johnson-32-sw/ , leaning out of the sliding glass door in the Family Room. (It was my Mommy’s ‘Couch’ gun, and i was only 11. NOT permitted to play with those mindless, ruthless, KILLING Machines. By myself. Yet.)
Let’s see…Now where was i? Oh Yeah!
ONE ‘Substantial’ Dead Red Elm firewood ‘Butt’ log That i couldn’t EVEN get a splitting wedge STARTED in. Just learnin’ HOW to split, on my own. Standing in the gravel off’n da deck, 7.5 yds. or so away. Mommy STILL fed me though. ’bout the ONLY wood that i can think of that is actually easier ta split…Standing, basically Seasoned, just ‘wet’ inside. ‘Green’ Elm? Better have a few wedges. like Twisted Spaghetti Squash made outta Kevlar®! ‘Slippery Elm’? ONE of Nature’s myriad medicines.
Careful aim @ the smallest ‘Burr’ remnant, Elms are noted for ‘Water Shoots’. Allegedly, ‘grouping’ is the biggest hurdle/Goal. You can ‘compensate’ for ‘Fixed’ sights, “Adjust’ any manner of ‘other’. Or so i’ve heard.
$#@! Being a ‘VICTIM’ of FREE! association is gonna be the Dearth of me yet!
My Apologies.
Furthermore, & in Conclusion.
Hammerless model, so fairly difficult to ‘squeeze’ one off. Didn’t even budge the log. Almost Instantaneous PAIN in my forehead/hairline. OMG! afraid to feel, but NO BLOOD streaming down my face. Generally speaking? A GOOD sign.
Didn’t know the nomenclature at the time. Forensic Analysis. Purty darn close ta my point of aim. Ricochet off’n da Log, Ricochet off’n the wood Soffit.
ONLY a GROWING Lump on my head. That sense of urgency faded quickly…IF my Mommy HAD found me out? I shudder ta think of the ‘repercussions’. I can BARELY feel my butt w/both hands to this Day.
I did what any sensible little boy would do. i cleaned it properly. Replaced the spent cartridge, and pushed same way down in the garbage can.
At the supper table that night:
“Boy, what did you DO to Your forehead!”
LBD (Little Boy Default)
i LIED. ‘Fell of a log crossin’ the Crick on my way home from the Bus Stop’
“Did You crack any rocks with that hard head of Yours?” She Always tried ta make light of ANY situation after the danger was passed. Same as my Daddy.
I hit the lottery JUST having them for Parents. Took me MANY Yrs. ta recognize same.
Excellent analysis!
Thank you, Arthur!!!!